Substitutions

Ingredients

Baking powder (1 tsp) →
½ teaspoon Cream of Tartar + ¼ teaspoon Baking Soda for every 1 teaspoon of Baking Powder.

Brown Sugar →
1 cup White Sugar + 1 tablespoon Molasses -or-1 ¼ cups confectioners’ sugar

Butter (Salted) →
⅞ Cup Vegetable Oil + ½ teaspoon Salt -or- 1 Cup Margarine

Butter (Unsalted) →
⅞ Cup Vegetable Oil -or- Applesauce

Buttermilk →
1 Cup plain yogurt OR 1 tablespoon Lemon Juice or Vinegar plus enough milk to make 1 cup
Whisk together until no lumps remain.

Cracker Crumbs →
1 Cup of Rice Krispy’s crushed OR 1 Cup Corn Flakes crushed.

Garlic (1 clove) →
⅛ teaspoon garlic powder OR ½ teaspoon granulated garlic OR ½ teaspoon garlic salt (reduce salt in recipe)

Honey (1 cup) →
1 ¼ cup white sugar + ⅓ cup water OR 1 cup corn syrup

Italian Seasonings (1 Tbsp) →
1 teaspoon each of Oregano, Basil and Thyme with a dash of Garlic Powder

Ketchup (1 cup) →
1 cup tomato sauce + 1 teaspoon vinegar + 1 tablespoon sugar

Mayonnaise (1 cup) →
1 cup sour cream OR 1 cup plain yogurt

Oil →
Sub Ingredient

Powdered Sugar (1 cup)→
1 Cup White Sugar placed in blender for 30-45 seconds on high

Rum (1 Tbsp) →
½ teaspoon rum extract + enough water to make 1 tablespoon

Sour Cream (1 cup) →
1 cup plain yogurt OR 1 tablespoon lemon juice or vinegar plus enough cream to make 1 cup OR ¾ cup buttermilk mixed with ⅓ cup butter

Vegetable Oil (Baking – 1 cup) →
1 Cup Applesauce or Fruit Puree

Vegetable Oil (Frying – 1 cup) →
1 cup vegetable shortening

White Sugar (1 cup) →
1 cup brown sugar OR 1 ¼ cups confectioners’ sugar OR ¾ cup honey OR ¾ cup corn syrup

Wine →
1 Cup Chicken -or- Vegetable Broth

Yogurt (Plain – 1 cup) →
1 Cup Buttermilk

Measurements

tsp • teaspoon
Tbsp • Tablespoon
fl.oz. • Fluid Ounce

3 tsp → 1 Tbsp

4 Tbsp → ¼ cup

5 tablespoon +1 tsp → ⅓ cup

8 Tbsp → ½ cup

12 Tbsp → ¾ cup

16 Tbsp → 1 cup -or- 8 fl.oz.

2 Cups → 1 pint -or- 16 fl.oz.

4 Cups → 2 pints -or- 1 quart -or- 32 fl.oz.

2 Quarts → ½ gallon -or- 64 fl.oz.

4 Quarts → 1 gallon -or- 128 fl.oz.

Weights & Volumes

1 ml → Slightly < ¼ tsp

2 ml → Slightly < ½ tsp

5 ml → 1 tsp

15 ml → 1 Tbsp

59 ml → ¼ cup

.946 L → 4 cups → 1 quart

28 g → 1 oz.

113 g → 4 oz.

227 g → 8 oz.

454 g → 16 oz. → 1 lb.